Traumatic events can rewire threat detection, memory consolidation, and interoceptive appraisal, producing persistent hyperarousal, avoidance, and intrusive recollections that impair work, relationships, and health. PTSD and Trauma-Related Anxiety integrates neurobiology with practical care pathways to help clinicians recognize diverse presentations across ages and cultures, including complex trauma and cumulative adversity. We examine how fear learning, context encoding, and stress-hormone cascades shape symptoms—from flashbacks and nightmares to dissociation, irritability, and somatic pain—while also reviewing maskers and mimics such as TBI, substance use, grief, and medical conditions. The session compares first-line psychotherapies (trauma-focused CBT, prolonged exposure, EMDR) and outlines how to stage care: stabilization, trauma processing, and reconnection. We address pharmacologic options for hyperarousal, sleep, and comorbid depression or panic; why benzodiazepines can worsen outcomes; and how to combine medications with skills practice to strengthen extinction learning. Special attention goes to children and adolescents (developmental timing, family involvement, school coordination), older adults (medical comorbidity, cognitive changes), and occupational groups with repeated exposure (healthcare, first responders, defense). Equity threads run throughout: culturally adapted assessment, language access, and trust-building in communities affected by violence or displacement. We also cover digital supports—nightmare rescripting apps, paced breathing, and cue-exposure tools—that extend care between sessions. Finally, we translate evidence into service design: screening in primary care and emergency settings, stepped-care triage, and outcomes tracking that reflect real recovery—sleep, safety, connection, and purpose. This session shows how PTSD and Trauma-Related Anxiety, the broader PTSD conference ecosystem, and rigor around trauma-focused therapy can convert science into compassionate, durable healing.